Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)
Coenzyme A precursor with EFSA claims for normal mental performance and energy-yielding metabolism, overt deficiency is rare.
Why
Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is the precursor to coenzyme A, central to fatty acid metabolism and acetyl group transfer. EFSA has authorised health claims for B5's contribution to normal mental performance, energy-yielding metabolism, synthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones, vitamin D and some neurotransmitters, and reduction of tiredness and fatigue. Overt B5 deficiency is essentially never seen in adequately-nourished adults, widely distributed in foods.
How it works
Precursor to coenzyme A, required for fatty acid oxidation, citric acid cycle, neurotransmitter synthesis (acetylcholine), steroid hormone synthesis and acetylation of histones.
Expected onset · Deficiency correction over weeks (in rare deficiency contexts)
How to take
Dosage
RDI: 5 mg/day. Supplements: 5–10 mg/day in B-complex preparations.
Timing
With meals; B-complex products usually once daily
On the label
Pantothenic acid or calcium pantothenate. Usually included in B-complex products.
Ideal for
Adults seeking nutrient adequacy in B-complex contexts; included in B-complex preparations rather than typically supplemented alone.
Safety
Evidence
EFSA-authorised claims for four functions including normal mental performance and energy metabolism. Overt deficiency rare; included as part of B-complex nutrient adequacy.
Where to get it
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