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Lecithin / phosphatidylcholine

Phospholipid-rich source of choline with EFSA claim for liver function, preliminary signal for cognition and lipid modulation.

Why

Lecithin is a mixture of phospholipids (predominantly phosphatidylcholine) from soy or sunflower. Provides choline, essential for liver function (where EFSA has authorised a health claim at 250 mg/day) and acetylcholine synthesis. Small RCTs report modest effects on cognitive performance and lipid markers. Choline status is widely inadequate in modern diets.

How it works

Provides choline for acetylcholine synthesis (cholinergic neurotransmission), phosphatidylcholine for cell membrane structure, and for VLDL packaging in the liver (the basis of the liver-function claim, choline deficiency causes NAFLD).

Expected onset · Lipid and cognitive effects over 8–12 weeks

How to take

Dosage

Lecithin (granular): 5–10 g/day. Sunflower lecithin or stated phosphatidylcholine: 1–2 g/day delivering ~250 mg choline.

Timing

With meals containing fat

On the label

Sunflower lecithin if avoiding soy. Stated phosphatidylcholine content per dose. Granular form is most cost-effective.

Ideal for

Adults with low dietary choline intake (low egg and meat consumption); people seeking nutrient support for cognitive or hepatic function.

Safety

Generally very well tolerated. Mild GI upset, diarrhoea at high doses. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) elevation from choline metabolism is a theoretical cardiovascular concern at high chronic doses. Soy lecithin: soy allergy contraindicates. Pregnancy: dietary intake fine.

Evidence

At a glance

EFSA authorised health claim: choline contributes to normal lipid metabolism, normal homocysteine metabolism, and normal liver function (at 82.5 mg/serving). Cochrane 2003 SR for dementia was inconclusive. Choline-deficiency-induced NAFLD provides the strongest mechanistic anchor. Preliminary, RCTs exist in non-tier-1 journals but are small or short-duration. No Cochrane review, EMA monograph or EFSA-authorised claim covers the indication. for the broader cognitive/lipid framing.

Limitations

Preliminary, RCTs exist in non-tier-1 journals but are small or short-duration. No Cochrane review, EMA monograph or EFSA-authorised claim covers the indication.

Where to get it

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