Back to Energy
SupplementModerate evidenceEnergy

Citicoline (CDP-choline)

Endogenous nucleotide with RCT signal for vascular cognitive decline and post-stroke recovery; used clinically across Europe.

Why

Citicoline (cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine, CDP-choline) is an endogenous intermediate in phosphatidylcholine synthesis. Prescribed across Italy, Spain, France and Japan for cognitive complaints and stroke recovery. The IDEALE study reported preserved cognitive function in vascular MCI over 9 months; the CITICHOLINAGE study supported the same signal at 1,000 mg/day for two years. The ICTUS trial in acute stroke was null overall but showed benefit in lacunar stroke subgroup analysis.

How it works

Provides choline and cytidine for phosphatidylcholine synthesis, the structural lipid of neuronal membranes. Increases brain acetylcholine, dopamine, and noradrenaline. Reduces phospholipid breakdown after ischaemic injury.

Expected onset · Cognitive endpoints emerge over 3–9 months

How to take

Dosage

Cognition: 500–1,000 mg/day divided. Acute stroke (clinical context): 2,000 mg/day for 6 weeks. Maintenance: 250–500 mg/day.

Timing

With meals; divided morning and evening

On the label

'Citicoline' or 'CDP-choline' with stated milligrams. Cognizin® is the brand used in many RCTs. Distinct from generic choline (which is just one of the two components).

Ideal for

Older adults with vascular cognitive impairment or post-stroke cognitive complaints under clinical supervision; people exploring cognition-supporting nutrients.

Safety

Generally well tolerated. Mild GI side effects and occasional headache or restlessness. Theoretical antiplatelet effect at high doses; caution with anticoagulants. Pregnancy data limited. Stroke use should be under clinical supervision.

Evidence

At a glance

Cotroneo 2013 IDEALE study (n=349 vascular MCI): citicoline 1,000 mg/day preserved MMSE score over 9 months while controls declined. Gareri 2017 pooled analysis confirmed benefit in vascular cognitive impairment. Acute stroke trials are mixed: null overall in ICTUS but with a subgroup signal in lacunar stroke. Used clinically across Southern Europe and Japan.

Where to get it

Shop Citicoline (CDP-choline) on Amazon

Sponsored · As an Amazon Associate, Healicus earns from qualifying purchases.